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ls

Programa que permite listar ficheros y directorios

Ejemplo:

$ ls -l /etc/
total 1384
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root     16 mar 10  2016 adjtime
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   1518 jun  7  2013 aliases
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  12288 feb 23  2017 aliases.db
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   4096 oct  9  2018 alternatives
-rw-------.  1 root root    541 abr 21  2015 anacrontab
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root     55 sep 16  2014 asound.conf
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root      5 mar 10  2016 at.allow
drwxr-x---.  3 root root     41 feb 20  2017 audisp
drwxr-x---.  3 root root    102 feb 20  2017 audit
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root     33 mar 10  2016 avahi
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   2863 mar 10  2016 bash.20150601
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   4096 feb 20  2017 bash_completion.d
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   2863 mar 10  2016 bashrc
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   2835 mar 10  2016 bashrc.20160310

Colores

ls toma los colores que estén definidos en la variable de entorno LS_COLORS

Podemos incluir la personalización de esta variable de entorno en el fichero .bashrc de nuestro directorio personal:

export LS_COLORS="$LS_COLORS:st=38;5;86;48;5;234:ow=38;5;220;1:tw=48;5;235;38;5;139;3:di=38;5;30:bd=38;5;68:cd=38;5;113;1:ex=38;5;208;1:fi=0:no=0:ln=38;5;45:"

Aplicamos los cambios saliendo de la sesión y entrando de nuevo o source $HOME/.bashrc

Posibilidades de efectos:

Valor	Descripción
0	Color por defecto
1	Negrita
4	Subrayado
5	Parpadeo
7	Intercambia los colores de texto y de fondo
8	Invisible

Posibilidades de fondos:

Valor	Descripción
40	Negro
41	Rojo
42	Verde
43	Naranja
44	Azul
45	Morado
46	Cián
47	Gris
100	Gris oscuro
101	Rojo claro
102	Verde claro
103	Amarillo
104	Azul claro
105	Morado claro
106	Turquesa
107	Blanco

Tipos de ficheros:

Valor	Descripción
bd	= (BLOCK, BLK) Block device (buffered) special file
cd	= (CHAR, CHR) Character device (unbuffered) special file
di	= (DIR) Directory
do	= (DOOR) [Door][1]
ex	= (EXEC) Executable file (ie. has 'x' set in permissions)
fi	= (FILE) Normal file
ln	= (SYMLINK, LINK, LNK) Symbolic link. If you set this to ‘target’ instead of a numerical value, the color is as for the file pointed to.
mi	= (MISSING) Non-existent file pointed to by a symbolic link (visible when you type ls -l)
no	= (NORMAL, NORM) Normal (non-filename) text. Global default, although everything should be something
or	= (ORPHAN) Symbolic link pointing to an orphaned non-existent file
ow	= (OTHER_WRITABLE) Directory that is other-writable (o+w) and not sticky
pi	= (FIFO, PIPE) Named pipe (fifo file)
sg	= (SETGID) File that is setgid (g+s)
so	= (SOCK) Socket file
st	= (STICKY) Directory with the sticky bit set (+t) and not other-writable
su	= (SETUID) File that is setuid (u+s)
tw	= (STICKY_OTHER_WRITABLE) Directory that is sticky and other-writable (+t,o+w)
*.extension	= Every file using this extension e.g. *.rpm = files with the ending .rpm

LS_COLORS generator