informatica:medios_de_almacenamiento:smart
Tabla de Contenidos
S.M.A.R.T.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology es un sistema de monitorización incluido en discos duros y SSD. Su principal función es detectar e generar informes sobre la salud / fiabilidad del disco con la intención de anticiparse a fallos de hardware inminentes.
Si un disco comienza a fallar, las siguientes estadísticas de SMART irán en aumento:
- SMART 5 – Reallocated_Sector_Count: representa el número de sectores encontrados como erróneos y que han sido apuntados a una zona especial del disco. Los discos nuevos tienen un valor de 0. Si este número aumenta constantemente con el tiempo, el futuro fallo del disco es inminente.
- SMART 187 – Reported_Uncorrectable_Errors.
- SMART 188 – Command_Timeout.
- SMART 197 – Current_Pending_Sector_Count: número de sectores inestables (no quiere decir que estén defectuosos), puede indicar problemas de hardware según siga creciendo el número
- SMART 198 – Offline_Uncorrectable.
Ejemplo
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAGS VALUE WORST THRESH FAIL RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate POSR-K 200 200 051 - 25
3 Spin_Up_Time POS--K 178 177 021 - 6083
4 Start_Stop_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 283
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct PO--CK 200 200 140 - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate -OSR-K 100 253 000 - 0
9 Power_On_Hours -O--CK 031 031 000 - 50733
10 Spin_Retry_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 0
11 Calibration_Retry_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 283
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 96
193 Load_Cycle_Count -O--CK 192 192 000 - 26689
194 Temperature_Celsius -O---K 122 110 000 - 28
196 Reallocated_Event_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector -O--CK 200 200 000 - 7
198 Offline_Uncorrectable ----CK 100 253 000 - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate ---R-- 100 253 000 - 0
||||||_ K auto-keep
|||||__ C event count
||||___ R error rate
|||____ S speed/performance
||_____ O updated online
|______ P prefailure warning
Herramientas
En Linux, el paquete smartmontools ofrece herramientas para controlar y monitorizar dispositivos S.M.A.R.T.
Comprobar si está activo SMART
Si instalamos el paquete smartmontools, tendremos disponible el comando smartctl con el que podremos hacer todo tipo de consultas SMART.
Por ejemplo, para obtener información sobre el disco y saber si soporta SMART y está activo:
smartctl /dev/sda
Ejemplo de salida:
sudo smartctl -i /dev/sda smartctl 7.3 2022-02-28 r5338 [x86_64-linux-6.1.12-arch1-1] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-22, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Model Family: Samsung based SSDs Device Model: Samsung SSD 860 EVO 1TB Serial Number: S4CSNF0MA00815A LU WWN Device Id: 5 002538 e49a08082 Firmware Version: RVT03B6Q User Capacity: 1.000.204.886.016 bytes [1,00 TB] Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical Rotation Rate: Solid State Device Form Factor: 2.5 inches TRIM Command: Available, deterministic, zeroed Device is: In smartctl database 7.3/5319 ATA Version is: ACS-4 T13/BSR INCITS 529 revision 5 SATA Version is: SATA 3.2, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 3.0 Gb/s) Local Time is: Sat Feb 25 16:19:36 2023 CET SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability. SMART support is: Enabled
Las últimas dos líneas nos indican si el dispositivo soporta SMART y si está activo.
Si apareciese SMART support is: Disabled, podríamos activarlo con:
smartctl -s on /dev/sda
Revisar estado SMART
smartctl -a /dev/sda
Ejemplo de salida:
smartctl 7.3 2022-02-28 r5338 [x86_64-linux-6.1.12-arch1-1] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-22, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Samsung based SSDs
Device Model: Samsung SSD 860 EVO 1TB
Serial Number: S4CSNF0MA00815A
LU WWN Device Id: 5 002538 e49a08082
Firmware Version: RVT03B6Q
User Capacity: 1.000.204.886.016 bytes [1,00 TB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate: Solid State Device
Form Factor: 2.5 inches
TRIM Command: Available, deterministic, zeroed
Device is: In smartctl database 7.3/5319
ATA Version is: ACS-4 T13/BSR INCITS 529 revision 5
SATA Version is: SATA 3.2, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 3.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Sat Feb 25 16:27:20 2023 CET
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 0) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x53) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
No Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 85) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 1
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 096 096 000 Old_age Always - 17816
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 935
177 Wear_Leveling_Count 0x0013 098 098 000 Pre-fail Always - 29
179 Used_Rsvd_Blk_Cnt_Tot 0x0013 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
181 Program_Fail_Cnt_Total 0x0032 100 100 010 Old_age Always - 0
182 Erase_Fail_Count_Total 0x0032 100 100 010 Old_age Always - 0
183 Runtime_Bad_Block 0x0013 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
187 Uncorrectable_Error_Cnt 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0032 079 057 000 Old_age Always - 21
195 ECC_Error_Rate 0x001a 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
199 CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
235 POR_Recovery_Count 0x0012 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 27
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 43631484933
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
No self-tests have been logged. [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
256 0 65535 Read_scanning was never started
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
Otro ejemplo, pero con un disco mecánico (el anterior era SSD):
$ smartctl -a /dev/sdb
smartctl 7.3 2022-02-28 r5338 [x86_64-linux-6.1.12-arch1-1] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-22, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Seagate Barracuda Green (AF)
Device Model: ST2000DL003-9VT166
Serial Number: 5YD6785T
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000c50 045faf109
Firmware Version: CC3C
User Capacity: 2.000.398.934.016 bytes [2,00 TB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate: 5900 rpm
Device is: In smartctl database 7.3/5319
ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4
SATA Version is: SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 3.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Sat Feb 25 16:29:46 2023 CET
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity
was completed without error.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 612) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 338) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x30b7) SCT Status supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 101 099 006 Pre-fail Always - 85416
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 093 092 000 Pre-fail Always - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 093 093 020 Old_age Always - 7404
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 036 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 087 060 030 Pre-fail Always - 4842680032
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 024 024 000 Old_age Always - 67349
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 097 097 020 Old_age Always - 3482
183 Runtime_Bad_Block 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 099 Old_age Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 098 000 Old_age Always - 83
189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 075 055 045 Old_age Always - 25 (Min/Max 17/25)
191 G-Sense_Error_Rate 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 198
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 097 097 000 Old_age Always - 7688
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 025 045 000 Old_age Always - 25 (0 14 0 0 0)
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 005 003 000 Old_age Always - 85416
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
240 Head_Flying_Hours 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 43904 (43 180 0)
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 1167924056
242 Total_LBAs_Read 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 1363793857
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
No self-tests have been logged. [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
Recursos
informatica/medios_de_almacenamiento/smart.txt · Última modificación: por tempwin